Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation on Ovarian Responses and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients Undergoing IVF-ET: A Randomized Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the influence of different transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) modes on ovarian responses and pregnancy outcomes in patients with infertility undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).@*METHODS@#Two hundred infertility patients undergoing IVF-ET were divided randomly into experimental groups (TEAS groups: E-I, E-II, E-III, and E-IV, 40 cases each group) and a control group (mock TEAS group, 40 patients) using the random number method. The patients in the experimental groups received TEAS treatment of 20, 30, 40 and 50 mA for the E-I, E-II, E-III and E-IV groups, respectively. The control group received a treatment of 5 mA. TEAS was applied at acupoints of Guanyuan (RN 4), Zhongji (RN 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zigong (EX-CA 1), and Taixi (KI 13), once a day for 30 min each time for a treatment period of 10-13 d. Treatment effect was assessed using the following indicators: endometrial thickness on the 6th day of gonadotropin treatment (GN6 day), endometrial thickness on the day on chorionic gonadotropin administration (HCG day), number of ovarian follicles on HCG day, number of ova captured, amount of estrogen required for each harvested ova, number of mature ova divided by the total number of ova, percentage of high-quality embryos, and clinical pregnancy.@*RESULTS@#Endometrial thickness in the experimental groups on the HCG day was significantly better than that of the control group after TEAS stimulation (P=0.01). TEAS exhibited a greater impact on the number of ova captured (P=0.003). However, the effect of TEAS stimulation on the high-quality embryo rate and clinical pregnancy in patients was not statistically significant (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#TEAS is an effective method in improving the ovarian state. When the stimulus intensity was at 40 mA and above, it could be helpful to improve the patient's endometrial condition and endometrial receptivity and to retrieve more oocytes. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR-TRC-11001780).

Effects of comprehensive treatment of infected wounds in patients with iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To investigate the characteristics and comprehensive treatment of infected wounds in patients with iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted. From May 2012 to December 2021, the data of 19 patients with iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome discharged from the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were collected, including 8 males and 11 females, aged 28-71 (56±11) years, with 12 cases of infected acute wounds and 7 cases of infected chronic wounds. The lesions were located in the limbs, perianal, and sacrococcygeal regions, with original infection ranging from 9 cm×5 cm to 85 cm×45 cm. After admission, the patients were performed with multidisciplinary assisted diagnosis and treatment, and the wounds were treated with debridement and vacuum sealing drainage, according to the size, severity of infection, suture tension, and bone and tendon tissue exposure of wounds, direct suture or autologous skin and/or artificial dermis and/or autologous tissue flap transplantation was selected for wound repair. The levels of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) of patients at 8:00, 16:00, and 24:00 within 24 h after admission were counted. After admission, the number of operations, wound repair methods, and wound and skin/flap donor site healing of patients were recorded. During follow-up, the wounds were observed for recurrent infection. Results: The cortisol levels of 16 patients at 8:00, 16:00, and 24:00 within 24 h after admission were (130±54), (80±16), and (109±39) nmol/L, respectively, and ACTH levels were (7.2±2.8), (4.1±1.8), and (6.0±3.0) pg/mL, respectively; and the other 3 patients had no such statistical results. After admission, the number of surgical operation for patients was 3.4±0.9. The following methods were used for wound repair, including direct suturing in 4 cases and autologous skin and/or artificial dermis grafting in 9 cases, of which 2 cases underwent stage Ⅱ autologous skin grafting after artificial dermis grafting in stage Ⅰ, and 6 cases had pedicled retrograde island flap+autologous skin grafting. The wound healing was observed, showing that all directly sutured wounds healed well; the wounds in 6 cases of autologous skin and/or artificial dermis grafting healed well, and the wounds in 3 cases also healed well after the secondary skin grafting; the flaps in 4 cases survived well with the wounds in 2 cases with distal perforators flap arteries circumfluence obstacle of posterior leg healed after stage Ⅱ debridement and autologous skin grafting. The healing status of skin/flap donor sites was followed showing that the donor sites of medium-thickness skin grafts in the thigh of 4 cases were well healed after transplanted with autologous split-thickness grafts from scalp; the donor sites of medium-thickness skin grafts in 3 cases did not undergo split-thickness skin grafting, of which 2 cases had poor healing but healed well after secondary skin grafting 2 weeks after surgery; the donor sites of split-thickness skin grafts in the head of 2 patients healed well; and all donor sites of flaps healed well after autologous skin grafting. During follow-up of more than half a year, 3 gout patients were hospitalized again for surgical treatment due to gout stone rupture, 4 patients were hospitalized again for surgical treatment due to infection, and no recurrent infection was found in the rest of patients. Conclusions: The infected wounds in patients with iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome have poor ability to regenerate and are prone to repeated infection. Local wound treatment together with multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment should be performed to control infection and close wounds in a timely manner, so as to maximize the benefits of patients.

Study on proteomic changes of lung blast injury in mice / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To establish the lung blast injury model in mice, detect the proteomic changes of lung in mice at different time points, and explore the mechanism of lung blast injury.Methods:A total of 60 healthy male C57BL/6 mice were randomly (random number) divided into the control group, 12-h group after thorax blast, 24-h group, 48-h group, 72-h group and 1-week group ( n=10 each group). Experiments were carried out in the animal laboratory of the General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command. The model of lung blast injury in mice was established by using a self-developed precision blast device, and the lung tissue injury situation was evaluated by gross observation and HE staining. The proteins in mouse lung tissue were quantitatively analyzed based on LC-MS/MS proteomic technology, and the differentially expressed proteins were screened. On this basis, bioinformatics tool was used to analyze proteomic changes. Results:After lung blast injury, scattered bleeding spots could be observed on the surface of lung tissue of mice, and the bleeding points were gradually increased with time, showing a patchy distribution, and the symptoms were the most severe at 24 h. The results of HE staining showed that the normal tissue structure of alveoli disappeared at 12 and 24 h under light microscopy with diffuse bleeding in the alveolar cavity, infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells, increased interstitial exudate, thickened alveolar wall, and collapsed and merged alveolar cavity. A total of 6 861 proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS in lung tissue samples of mice after thorax blast, and 608 differentially expressed proteins were quantified, of which 227, 140, 202, 258 and 71 differential proteins were at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 1 week, respectively. According to GO analysis, 130 biological process subtypes including cell adhesion, extracellular matrix tissue and collagen fibril tissue were obtained. Besides, 66 cellular component involving extracellular exosomes, extracellular matrix and cytoplasm were obtained. And 43 molecular functional subclasses such as extracellular matrix structure composition, actin binding and antioxidant activity were obtained. KEGG analysis yielded 24 pathways including ECM-receptor interactions, focal adhesions and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway across the endothelium.Conclusions:Differentially expressed protein combinations are also different at different time points in the early stage after lung blast in mice, and the injury mechanism is complicated. The lung blast injury is the most serious at 12-24 h after blast and produces significant inflammatory response.

Application of Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate Combined with Tropisetron in Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting under Microvascular Decompression of Hemifacial Spasm / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate the effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate combined with tropisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)under microvascular decompression of hemifacial spasm.Methods From January to June 2019,485 patients undergoing microvascular decompression for facial spasm at Department of Neurosurgery,Peking University People's Hospital were randomly assigned into two groups with random number table method.For group A(n=242),2 ml saline was administrated by intravenous drip before induction and 5 mg tropisetron after operation.For group B(n=243),40 mg methylprednisolone sodium succinate was administrated by intravenous drip before induction and 5 mg tropisetron after operation.The anesthesia time,operation time,and incidence of PONV in 0-24 h and 24-48 h were recorded for the comparison of the remedial treatment rate of nausea and vomiting between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in age,gender,smoking history,body mass index value,American Society of Anesthesiologists score,medical history,surgical side,PONV history,operation time or anesthesia time between the two groups(all P > 0.05).The incidence of PONV in group A was 35.5% and 18.2% during 0-24 h and 24-48 h,respectively,which was significantly higher than that(18.5%,χ

Effect of oblique lateral lumbar intervertebral fusion on inflammatory factors in patients with degenerative spinal canal stenosis / 国际外科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of oblique lateral lumbar intervertebral fusion (OLIF) on inflammatory factors in patients with degenerative spinal canal stenosis (DLSS).Methods:Retrospective analysis of clinical data of 64 DLSS patients in the department of orthopedics, Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group Hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 was performed. There were 35 males and 34 females, aged (60.70±6.27) years, and the age range was 20 to 80 years. According to the different surgical methods, they were divided into posterior decompression and internal fixation fusion (PLIF) group ( n=32) and OLIF group ( n=32). The coperation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative bed rest time, hospitalization time , the back and leg pain visual analogue score (VAS) , Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA) score of lumbar vertebrae and serum inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), interleukin-1alpha(IL-1α), C-reactive protein(CRP)] were observed at preoperative, 3 months and last follow-up. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed and survial up to March 2019. Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( Mean± SD), comparison between groups was performed using independent sample t test or analysis of variance of repeated measurement data. Internal comparisons were performed using paired t tests. Count data were expressed as percentage (%), and χ2 test was used. Results:There was no significant difference in operation time between OLIF group and PLIF group ( P>0.05). In OLIF group, the amount of blood loss (119.72±30.41) mL, bedridden time (2.16±0.35) d and postoperative hospital stay (5.18±2.06) d were significantly lower than that of PLIF group[(318.26±94.62) mL, (3.17±0.54) d, (7.35±1.24) d], the differences between the two groups were statistically significant( P<0.05). All patients were followed for 8 months. The 3 months after operation and last follow-up, the VAS scores of back pain in OLIF group [(1.93±0.54) scores, (1.74±0.63) scores]were significantly lower than that in PLIF group [(4.05±0.62) scores, (3.87±0.74) scores]. The VAS scores of leg pain in OLIF group [(1.56±0.71) scores, (1.37±0.52) scores] were significantly lower than that of PLIF group [(3.74±0.79) scores, (2.53±0.59) scores]. The JOA scores of lumbar vertebrae in PLIF group [(22.57 ±1.83) scores, (24.38±1.65) scores] were significantly higher than that of PLIF group [(20.35±1.78) scores, (22.14±1.35) scores], the differences between the two groups were statistically significant( P<0.05). At 3 months after operation, the levels of serum TNF-α(16.95±3.92) ng/L, IL-1α(9.17±3.78) ng/L and CRP (1.97±0.24) mg/L in OLIF group were significantly lower than those in PLIF group [(20.46 ±4.27) ng/L, (11.51±4.25) ng/L, (2.36±0.32) mg/L]. Last follow-up, the level of serum TNF-α(13.47±3.54) ng/L, IL-1α(6.52±2.09) ng/L and CRP (1.42±0.16) mg/L in the OLIF group were significantly lower than those in the PLIF group [(18.08±3.84) ng/L, (8.73±5.43) ng/L, (2.04±0.25) mg/L], the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with PLIF, OLIF can reduce the amount of intraoperative bleeding, shorten the recovery time, reduce the expression of inflammatory factors and improve the prognosis of patients with DLSS.

Study on Influential Factors of Medication Compliance among Community Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for improving medication compliance and therapeutic efficacy in community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） in China. METHODS： The data was from the “Economic Study of Diabetic Medications in Patients with T2DM in China”， which was conducted by China Center for Health Economic Research of Peking University. Both univariate analysis and Logistic regression model were used for single factor analysis and multiple factor analysis of medication compliance. RESULTS： Totally 2 236 community T2DM patients were included. The rate of good medication compliance was estimated at as low as 23.48％. Monthly household income and duration of the disease had significant impact on medication compliance. Incidence of good the medication compliance for patients with monthly household income ≥6 000 yuan and during 3 000-＜6 000 yuan， compared to those with monthly household income ＜3 000 yuan， were 70.8％ [95％CI（0.532，0.944）] and 78.5％ [95％CI（0.614，1.004）] respectively. Incidence of good medication compliance for the patients with 5 to 10 years and ＞10 years of disease duration， compared to those with ＜5 years of disease duration， were 69.0％ [95％CI（0.542， 0.878）] and 59.1％ [95％CI（0.459， 0.760）] respectively. CONCLUSIONS： The medication compliance among community patients with T2DM in China was generally poor. Longer duration of the disease and higher monthly household income are associated with poorer medication adherence.

Study on the Effects of Treatment Compliance on Short-term Clinical Outcome among Community Patients with Type 2 Dia- betes Mellitus in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for improving the treatment compliance and therapeutic effect of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） in China. METHODS： The follow-up data was from the issue of Pharmacoeconomic Study of Diabetic Drugs in China， which was conducted by China Center for Health Economic Research （CCHER） of Peking University. Using follow-up endpoint HbA1c level as clinical output indicator， univariate analysis and multivariable regression analysis of binary and numerical variables were performed to evaluate the effect of treatment compliance on short-term clinical outcomes. RESULTS： Totally 2 236 community T2DM patients were included for the analysis. The patients with good and poor medication compliance accounted for 23.48％ and 76.52％； the patients with good and poor blood glucose monitoring compliance accounted for 7.02％ and 93.98％； 66.3％， 23.5％ and 10.2％ of the patients had good， medium and poor diet control compliance， respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the “good control” group of blood glucose and the “poor control” group of blood glucose in terms of patient age， body mass index， education level， duration of disease， exercise， and eating habits，etc （P＜0.05）. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of multiple Logistic regression and multivariate loglinear regression models， that is， blood glucose monitoring compliance and diet control compliance had significant positive effects on end-point HbA1c （P＜0.05）， but drug compliance had no significant effect （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： The treatment compliance among community patients with T2DM in China was generally poor. After controlling for other variables， patients’ treatment compliance has a positive effect on end-point HbA1c， especially better blood glucose monitoring compliance and diet control compliance contribute to blood glucose control， but medication compliance has no significantly effect.

Study on the establishment of international comparable chinese hospital management survey system / 中国卫生政策研究

To understand the management level and international positioning of Chinese hospitals, we devel-oped a comprehensive survey instrument of chinese hospital management survey following the well-adapted methodolo-gy of world management survey which has been widely used internationally. The survey was conducted on 20 manage-ment practices covering four major management dimensions including operations management, performance manage-ment, target management and talent management respectively. Based on the CHMS structure and setting, the four-di-mension and twenty-item management model was analyzed with construct validity test. From the test, the middle level managers were recruited from more than 400 chinese national representative hospitals. The results showed that the chi-square/degree of freedom (CMIN/DF) is 2. 209, and RMSEA (root mean square error approximate) is 0. 039, indicating a good model fitting. The further indications of model fit such as GFI, IFI and CFI were all above 0. 9 which is the typical benchmark for model acceptance. This study provides evidence for correspondence between con-ceptual and empirical hospital management and the insight of model fitting on the current data. The results conclude that CHMS has satisfied validation in Chinese hospital management practices, and can be used as an effective sur-vey method to assess the level of Chinese hospital management and to provide a general platform for international comparison.

Research on the Impact of Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance on Unemployment / 中国卫生经济

Objective:It examined the impact of Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance(URBMI) program launched in 2007 on labor supply.Methods:Using ordinary least square and instrumental variable estimation,the regression analysis was conducted on URBMI household survey data.Results:Although the URBMI increased the accessibility to medical services and decreased residents' financial burdens,the unemployment rate for residents with URBMI were increased by 13％.Conclusion:In respect to the problems of aging and labor force reduction in China,the policy-maker should not ignore the potential negative labor market outcomes while expanding public health insurance coverage.

The Inequality in Health and Healthcare Utilization: Evidence from Provincial Data / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To acquire the differences in health and healthcare utilization among different regions with various economic development in China,so as to provide references for improving health inequalities related to economic development.Methods:Decomposing the health and healthcare utilization among different income groups.Results:Inequalities in health and healthcare utilization were captured,whereas the gaps among groups were enlarging over time in terms of low birth weight newborns and healthcare utilization.Conclusion:In order to promote the equality in newborns,more attention should be paid to high income regions.In order to improve the equality in healthcare utilization,more attention should be drawn to low income regions and rural areas.

Distribution,antimicrobial resistance of pathogens from blood culture,and risk factors for death of children with leukemia / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To observe distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens from blood culture of chil-dren with leukemia,and study risk factors.Methods From September 2013 to November 2016,species and antimi-crobial resistance types of 131 strains of pathogens isolated from blood culture of 110 children in a pediatric hemato-logy ward were analyzed,childrens'clinical data were also analyzed statistically.Results 131 strains(5.23%)of pathogens were isolated from 2 505 blood culture specimens,gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci accounted for 52.67% and 43.51% respectively,the top 3 pathogens were Escherichia coli(15.27%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.27%),and Staphylococcus hominis(12.98%). Gram-negative bacilli were highly resistant to ampicillin,ce-fazolin,ceftriaxone,and ampicillin/sulbactam,but sensitive to amikacin,cefoperazone/sulbactam,piperacillin/tazobactam,and carbapenems;gram-positive cocci had higher resistance to penicillin,oxacillin,erythromycin,and clindamycin,but were sensitive to tigecycline,linezolid,vancomycin,and quinupristin/dalfopristin. Univariate analysis showed that mixed infection,diarrhea,Pseudomonasaeruginosa infection,and Acinetobacterbaumannii in-fection were related to mortality due to bloodstream infection in children with leukemia.Conclusion Pathogens cau-sing bloodstream infection in children with leukemia is widely distributed,antimicrobial resistance rate is high,it is very im-portant to take active precaution and rational treatment according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing result.

Comparison of antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from intensive care units and general wards in a hospital in 2016 / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) from intensive care units(ICUs) and general wards of a hospital,and provide scientific basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic.Methods Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinically isolated bacteria in this hospital in 2016 were performed by VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial analysis system,difference in antimicrobial resistance of P.aeruginosa between ICUs and general wards was compared.Results The tested specimens were mainly sputum in both ICUs and general wards,accounting for 78.7％ and 66.5％ respectively.There was no significant difference in the isolation rate of P.aeruginosa between ICUs and general wards (11.7％ vs 11.0％,P＞0.05).P.aeruginosa isolated from ICUs had the highest resistance rate to aztreonam (73.8％),resistance rates to piperacillin/tazobactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam,ceftazidime,imipenem,and meropenem were all up to more than 50％;P.aeruginosa detected in general wards had the highest resistance rate to aztreonam(59.6 ％),followed by piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem,accounting for 48.0 ％ and 44.3 ％ respectively;resistance rates of P.aeruginosa isolated from ICUs to 12 kinds of antimicrobial agents were all higher thanthose of general wards(P＜0.05).Conclusion Resistance rate of P.aeruginosa from ICUs is higher than that in general wards,which should be paid attention,antimicrobial agents should be selected for clinical treatment of infection according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing result.

Empirical study of China's hospital management using methodology of World Management Survey / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To explore methods to measure the management level of Chinese hospitals in natural conditions of Chinese hospitals, for improvement of their operation efficiency. Methods The methodology of World Management Survey( WMS) was introduced, and the questionnaire was localized using expert consultation method. Double-blind telephone interviews were conducted to investigate the management level of Chinese hospitals in the four dimensions of standardized operation, performance monitoring, target setting and talent management. Results The management level of hospitals in China varied greatly from places. Among them, the hospital management scoring was found to range from 2. 50 to 2. 75 in most cases, averaging 2. 55. These hospitals scored relatively poor at the four specific management practices of hospital layout(2.48), performance communication(2.27), talents retention, and clarity and comparability of objectives(2. 45). Management level of a hospital was correlated to such factors as its history, ownership form, human capital and hospital size. Conclusions This study uses WMS methodology to quantify Chinese hospital management. The overall management level of Chinese hospitals is expected to improve with much gaps to cover. At this stage, it is imperative to solve the unbalanced and inadequate development of hospital management levels, among regions, hospital grades and forms of ownership.

Analysis of curative effect of microvascular decompression in treating cranial nerve diseases under endoscope and microscope / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To analyse the safety and effectiveness of microvascular decompression completely under endoscopy-assisted or microscope-assisted (EVD or MYD) for trigeminal neuralgia.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for patients who underwent completely EVD or MVD from January,2014 to September,2016.The clinical data,operative data and results were analyzed.The patients were divided into two groups according to the techniques.The all procedure of distinguishing the responsible vessels and decompressing which was done completely under endoscope were EVD group (n=141).Those being done completely under microscope were MVD group (n=125).All operations were done by same operator and same approach.Results The intracranial nerve symptoms disappeared in 137 cases(97.2％) in EVD group and 120 cases(96.0％) in MVD group.There were no severe operative complications such as intracranial infection,facial paralysis,intracranial hematoma and death.Mild hearing loss was happened in 2 cases (1.42％) in EVD group and 5 cases (4.00％) in MVD group;facial hypoesthesia,5 cases (3.54％) in EVD group,8 cases(6.40％) in MVD group;Transient ataxia,3 cases (2.13％) in EVD group,5 cases(4.00％) in MVD group;cerebrospinal fluid leakage,3 cases(2.13％) in EVD group,3 cases(2.40％) in MVD group;Oral herpes,23 cases (22.5％) in EVD group,27 cases(24.3％) in MVD group.There was no statistically significant differences in curative effect and complications between two groups (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion There is no difference in curative effect and complications between the two methods of completely EVD and MVD.

Tumor derived IgG suppress the proliferation of T cells in cord blood / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the function of tumor derived IgG (tIgG) and whether the tIgG can inhibit T cells activity.Methods:The tIgG was purified from ovarian cancer tissue.The cord blood monocyte cells (CBMC) and cord blood lymphocyte (CBL) were isolate from human umbilical cord blood.The CBMC and CBL were stimulated with phytohaemagg lutinin (PHA) in order to let the CBMC and CBL in the state of proliferation.Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl amino ester (CFSE) was cultured with CBMC and CBL.CFSE had no cell toxicity,which could penetrate through the cell membrane and combine the intracellular protein.The fluorescence intensity decreased with the proliferation of cells step by step,so the proliferation of these cells could be detected in flow ctytometry.The tlgG which was puri fied from ovarian cancer tissue was divided into three groups,1 mg/L group,10 mg/L group,and 100 mg/L group,and the intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was also divided into three groups too.The CBMC and CBL were treated by tIgG with 1 mg/L,10 mg/L,and 100 mg/L in order to observe the proliferation of T cells.The cells were treated with IVIG as a positive control group,and the cells were treated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as a negative control.The proliferation of CD4 + or CD8 + T cells were detected in CBMC and CBL.The proliferation of the T cells in CBMC and CBL after 64 h and 86 h were detected.Results:In the system of CBMC,the tIgG could suppress the proliferation of CD4 + or CD8 + T cells.The results could also be found in the system of CBL.The CD4 + or CD8 + T cells in the group which were treated with PBS were more active than those in the group which were treated with tIgG and IVIG.The suppression in the group which were treated with tIgG,was stronger than that in the group treated with IVIG.In addition,the suppression of T cells in the group which were stimulated with tIgG as 100 mg/L was more effective than that in the group which were stimulated with tIgG as 10 mg/L.This could prove that tIgG had the function of immunomodulation.Conclusion:The tIgG can be involved in immune escape of cancer.

Emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SCCmec type IV/V epidemic clones in a large teaching hospital in China / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) genotype and molecular epidemiological characteristics of healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) in a large teaching hospital in China.</p><p><b>METHDOS</b>From January 2012 to December 2012, a total of 71 nonduplicate HA-MRSA were collected in a teaching hospital in Changsha, China. SCCmec types were determined by multiplex PCR, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) gene was detected by PCR. The homology among the tested isolates was determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 71 HA-MRSA isolates, 49 (69.0%) carried SCCmec III, 10 (14.1%) carried SCCmec IV, 3 (4.2%) carried SCCmec V and 3 (4.2%) carried SCCmec II; the remaining 6 isolates were not typeable by PCR. Compared with patients having SCCmec I/II/III MRSA infections, those with SCCmec IV/V MRSA infections had a significantly younger age and a similar duration of hospital stay before the first MRSA-positive culture and total hospital stay. PVL genes were strongly associated with SCCmec type IV/V MRSA infections. HA-SCCmec IV/V MRSA strains showed a greater susceptibility to rifampicin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline than HA-SCCmec I/II/III MRSA strains. The 13 HA-SCCmec IV/V MRSA isolates formed one large group at the 55% similarity level. Three PFGE clusters with a similarity index of 85% or more were identified, and unique PFGE profiles were observed in 4 isolates.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This is the first report of HA-MRSA isolates carrying SCCmec V in Chinese hospitals. SCCmec types IV and V MRSA clones have emerged in Chinese hospitals, which urges more rigorous surveillance of their spread in healthcare facilities in China.</p>

The study of daily glucose change in insulin resistance with polycystic ovary syndrome women / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the clinical metabolic characteristics and the blood glucose variability in the insulin resistance polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients.Methods Totally 69 cases of PCOS patients were divided into two groups:PCOS with insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) group and PCOS without insulin-resistance (PCOS-NIR) group.Their clinical and metabolic characteristics were analyzed,and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) was used to monitor the glucose concentration of subcutaneous interstitial fluid to reflect the blood glucose level.Mean blood glucose level (MBG) and its standard deviation (SDBG),mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE),peak level of postprandial plasma glucose as well as its peaking time during a 48-hour period CGMS were calculated.Results MBG,SDBG,large amplitude of glycemic excursions (LAGE),MAGE level in PCOS-IR group,were significantly higher than those in PCOS-NIR (P ＜ 0.05).Body mass index (BMI),triglycerides,glycated hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc),fasting blood glucose (FBG),2 hours glucose,free androgen index (FAI) level in PCOS-IR group were higher than in PCOS-NIR group (P ＜ 0.01).The difference of total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,mean of daily difference (MODD) level were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions PCOS-IR patients suffer from more serious metabolic disorder and blood glucose variability.

The effect of microRNA-145 on immune-inflammatory response of foam cells by targeting CD40 / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the effect of miRNA-145 (miR-145) on immuno-inflammatory reaction of foam cells by targeting CD40. Methods Mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 cells cultured in vitro were randomly divided into model group (non-transfected), miR-145 mimics group (transfected miR-145 mimics), miR-145 inhibitor group (transfected miR-145 inhibitor) and silencing CD40 sequence group (transfected siCD40). Then oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) was used to stimulate for 24 h to establish immune inflammatory damage cell model. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot assay were used to detect the levels of CD 40 mRNA and protein of each group. ELISA was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α in cell supernatant. Results Compared with model group, the levels of CD40 mRNA, CD40 protein and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αwere all significantly decreased in miR-145 mimics group (P<0.01). After transfected with miR-145 inhibitor, the above indexes were all significantly increased than those of model group and miR-145 mimics group (P<0.01). After transfected with CD40 siRNA, the levels of CD40 mRNA, CD40 protein and IL-1, IL-6, TNF-αwere all obviously decreased compared with those of miR-145 inhibitor group (P<0.01). Conclusion MiR-145 can regulate the immune inflammatory process of foam cells through the target gene CD40, inhibit the activation of CD40/CD40L signaling pathway and inhibit inflammatory response.

Preparation and detection of pipettes for microinjection / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To introduce an optimized practical method of making and detecting pipettes for microinjection.Methods Transfer pipette was made from hard glass capillary. We softened the hard glass capillary by rotating it in a spirit-lamp flame,then moved out from the flame and quickly pulled it into two transfer pipettes.After broken by a grinding wheel,the tip of the pipette was fire-polished by quickly touching the flame to make a fine opening.A hard glass capillary (1.0 mm,ouside diametre)was pulled into two holding pipettes by pipette Puller.The pipette shoulder was broken at desired position with a grinding wheel,then the fine pipette tip opening was heated by a microforge and shrinked into a diameter -15 μm.Injection pipette could be made directly from a capillary with filament by Puller.The solution loaded injection pipette and holding pipette were assembled into the micromanipulator and could be checked before use.We transfered both pipettes into the zygotes media drop,touched the holding pipette with the tip of the injection pipette to make a "suitable"opening.Then we switched injection pipette to the mineral oil and applied injection pressure through the injector to check whether the solution could come out of the tip smoothly and at a proper speed.It could be further verified by pronucleus microinjection of zygotes.Results The results showed that the method introduced in this paper could produce suitable pipettes for zygote microinjection.In particular,the method of detecting the opening of the injection pipette was helpful for achieving high efficiency of zygote microinjection.Conclusion The method introduced here to make and detect pipettes for microinjection is very helpful for establishing a standard microinjection manipulation procedure and improving the efficiency of zygote microinjection.

microRNA-155 inhibits immuno-inflammatory reaction of foam cells by targeting MyD88 / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-155 (miR-155) on immuno-inflammatory reaction of foam cells by targeting MyD88 and the possible mechanism. Methods RAW264.7 macrophages were cultured in vitro and transfected with miR-155 mimics, miR-155 inhibitor, MyD88 siRNA and their negative control respectively, then ox-LDL stimulation was given to build foam cell model. The expression of MyD88 in foam cells was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot assay. Moreover, the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-10, TGF-β1 and MCP-1 in supernatant were determined by ELISA. Results After being transfected with miR-155 mimics, the mRNA level of MyD88 remained unchanged compared with that of control group (P>0.05). The protein level of MyD88 decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the expression levels of IL-10, TGF-β1 and MCP-1 in supernatant also decreased significantly (P<0.05). After being transfected with miR-155 inhibitor, the mRNA level of MyD88 remained unchanged compared with that of control group (P>0.05). The expression levels of MyD88 protein and inflammatory cytokines increased significantly (P<0.05). After being transfected with MyD88 siRNA, the expression levels of MyD88 mRNA and protein decreased significantly, and the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines also decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion miR-155 can negatively regulate inflammation by targeting MyD88 through the inhibition of translation.